Part I Neurotechnology: Today and tomorrow

1 When emerging biomedical technologies converge or collide 3
Debra J.H. Mathews
2 Emerging neuroimaging technologies: Toward future personalized diagnostics, prognosis, targeted intervention, and ethical challenges 15
Urs Ribary, Alex L. MacKay, Alexander Rauscher, Christine M. Tipper, Deborah E. Giaschi, Todd S. Woodward, Vesna Sossi, Sam M. Doesburg, Lawrence M. Ward, Anthony Herdman, Ghassan Hamarneh, Brian G. Booth, and Alexander Moiseev
3 Incidental findings: Current ethical debates and future challenges in advanced neuroimaging 54
Lorna M. Gibson, Cathie L.M. Sudlow, and Joanna M. Wardlaw
4 Vulnerability, youth, and homelessness: Ethical considerations on the roles of technology in the lives of adolescents and young adults 70
Niranjan S. Karnik
5 The neuroethical future of wearable and mobile health technology 80
Karola V. Kreitmair and Mildred K. Cho
6 Technologies of the extended mind: Defining the issues 108
Peter B. Reiner and Saskia K. Nagel
7 Neuromodulation ethics: Preparing for brain-computer interface medicine 123
Eran Klein
8 Integrating ethics into neurotechnology research and development: The US National Institutes of Health BRAIN Initiative 144
Khara M. Ramos and Walter J. Koroshetz

Part II Neuroethics at the frontline of healthcare

9 What do new neuroscience discoveries in children mean for their open future? 159
Cheryl D. Lew
10 Neuroprognostication after severe brain injury in children: Science fiction or plausible reality? 180
Sarah S. Welsh, Genevieve Du Pont-Thibodeau, and Matthew P. Kirschen
11 No pain no gain: A neuroethical place for hypnosis in invasive intervention 197
Elvira V. Lang
12 Placebo beyond controls: The neuroscience and ethics of navigating a new understanding of placebo therapy 214
Karen S. Rommelfanger
13 Ethical challenges of modern psychiatric neurosurgery 235
Sabine Muller
14 At the crossroads of civic engagement and evidence-based medicine: Lessons learned from the chronic cerebrospinal venous insufficiency experience 264
Shelly Benjaminy and Anthony Traboulsee
15 Ethical dilemmas in neurodegenerative disease: Respecting patients at the twilight of agency 274
Agnieszka Jaworska
16 Anticipating a therapeutically elusive neurodegenerative condition: Ethical considerations for the preclinical detection of Alzheimers disease 294
Herve Chneiweiss
17 When bright lines blur: Deconstructing distinctions between disorders of consciousness 305
David B. Fischer and Robert D. Truog
18 Brain death and the definition of death 336
James L. Bernat

Part III Social, legal, and regulatory frameworks: Lessons of the past guide policy for the future

19 Minors and incompetent adults: A tale of two populations 369
Vasiliki Rahimzadeh, Karine Senecal, Erika Kleiderman, and Bartha M. Knoppers
20 Behavioral and brain-based research on free moral agency: Threatening or empowering? 388
Eric Racine and Veljko Dubljevic
21 Cognitive enhancement of today may be the normal of tomorrow 411
Fabrice Jotterand
22 Environmental neuroethics: Setting the foundations 426
Laura Y. Cabrera
23 First Nations and environmental neuroethics: Perspectives on brain health from a world of change 455
Jordan Tesluk, Judy Hies, and Ralph Matthews
24 The neurobiology of addiction as a window on voluntary control of behavior and moral responsibility 477
Steven E. Hyman
25 Looking to the future: Clinical and policy implications of the brain disease model of addiction 497
Adrian Carter and Wayne Hall
26 Concussion, neuroethics, and sport: Policies of the past do not suffice for the future 515
Brad Partridge and Wayne Hall
27 Security threat versus aggregated truths: Ethical issues in the use of neuroscience and neurotechnology for national security 531
Michal N. Tennison, James Giordano, and Jonathan D. Moreno
28 Communicating about the brain in the digital era 554
Julie M. Robillard and Emily Wight
29 The impact of neuroscience in the law: How perceptions of control and responsibility affect the definition of disability 570
Jennifer A. Chandler
30 Neuroethics and global mental health: Establishing a dialogue 591
Dan J. Stein and James Giordano

Part IV Epilogue

31. Neuroethics and neurotechnology: Instrumentality and human rights 603
Joseph J. Fins

Author Index 615
Subject Index 633